The appropriate use of human intelligence in combating terrorism. Our principal techniques for gathering intelligence are. The united states should reform its espionage and intelligencegathering methods the united states should reform its intelligencegathering methods by john m. Human intelligence humint and counterintelligence ci are two critical assets commanders. The paper begins by exploring the key elements of intelligence and the different methods of collecting information. This book explores open source intelligence gathering osint inside out from multiple perspectives, including those of hackers and seasoned intelligence experts. The human intelligence humint career field represents dias ability to execute its national security mission through providing actionable intelligence to warfighters working on the front lines of the nations defenses. Reforms are unnecessary because the cia effectively uses all of the intelligencegathering methods allowed by law. Research on investigative interviewing has only recently started to compare the efficacy of different techniques for gathering intelligence from human sources. Gathering human intelligence via repeated interviewing. However, in the intelligence world, unethical tactics are necessary to protect nations and the people living within them. The scope of the study will be limited to the events connected to human intelligence gathering, collation, analysis and interpretation and dissemination in the war and how effective or weak they were. For example, nicolas eftimiades, a former dod intelligence official and china scholar, speaking at a hearing before the us joint economic committee, drew a distinction between the traditional intelligence activities used by russia and the type of activities china typically engages in. Human intelligence, mental quality that consists of the abilities to learn from experience, adapt to new situations, understand and handle abstract concepts, and use knowledge to manipulate ones environment.
This tool analyzes metadata from different file formats such as word and pdf. The ultimate guide to human intelligence humint intelligence 101. Human intelligence humint, which is the oldest of the intelligence disciplines, has through the course of the twentieth century, been less emphasized by the u. The various means are traditionally described as intelligence disciplines or, in shorthand, ints. Nov 21, 2014 the who, what, and why of human intelligence gathering. The gathering of human intelligence humint is of utmost importance, yet. List of intelligence gathering disciplines wikipedia. Officers in the humint career field perform a wide variety of functions to execute and support the mission, including. Pdf a great deal of research in the past two decades has been devoted to interrogation and interviewing techniques. Chapter v closes this first part of the handbook, with a practical approach on how to perform human intelligence, specifically the technique of profiling suspects. Guide to the study of intelligence perspectives on. The humint collectors role within the intelligence operating system. Humint operators are typically referred to as intelligence officers who use talent spotting, rapport building, and source recruitment to collect on.
Covert surveillance and covert human intelligence sources. Briefing to national intelligence oversight bodies on the human rights implications of intelligence sharing the international human rights implications of intelligence sharing article 17 of the international covenant on civil and political rights protects the right to privacy. Smith 62 cooperation among domestic and foreign intelligencegathering. How were human intelligence techniques applied in fighting boko haram. After the september 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, many observers in the united states decried previous cutbacks in humint that had helped create an environment in which u. The role of human intelligence humint in counterterrorism. I begin by stating what these modern methods of intelligence gathering are. Human intelligence humint is the collection of information from human sources.
Some principles of human intelligence and their application a. The collection may be done openly, as when fbi agents interview witnesses or suspects, or it may be done through clandestine or covert means espionage. Cyber intelligence specifically refers to intelligence gathered from the internet. They use these techniques to investigate suspects without alerting them to. Intelligence is collected in many ways from spies, eavesdropping, technical sources, and openly. Intelligence gathering an overview sciencedirect topics. Intelligencegathering methods cia intelligencegathering methods have been successful in fighting ter rorism by james l. The humint collectors role within the intelligence. Business intelligence bi has two basic different meanings related to the use of the term intelligence. If we assess that a particular threat needs to be investigated, we deploy resources to obtain further intelligence, and we continually adjust our assessments in light of new intelligence or events. Intelligence community directive number 304 human rntelligence a.
Human intelligence intelligence gathering wikimili. Human intelligence collection activities 2 21 march 2012 for official use only liaison 14. This study is on how to elicit intelligence from human sources. Handbook first part best practices in investigating and. Human intelligence abbreviated humint and is pronounced as hyoomint is intelligence gathered by means of interpersonal contact, as opposed to the more technical intelligence gathering disciplines such as signals intelligence sigint, imagery intelligence imint and measurement and signature intelligence masint nato defines humint as a category of intelligence derived from information. Pdf noncoercive human intelligence gathering researchgate.
The skills and tools for collecting, verifying and correlating information from different types of systems is an essential skill when tracking down hackers. Human rights first 2 law enforcement interrogations are an important and effective intelligence gathering tool law enforcement interrogation of terrorism suspects has produced a large amount of valuable intelligence about terrorist groups and their activities. So far the research has focused exclusively on sources interviewed once, thus overlooking that most sources are interviewed multiple times. Pavitt 90 although the cia cannot prevent all acts of terrorism, it has successfully foiled many terrorist plots. Abstractresearch on investigative interviewing has only recently started to compare the efficacy of different techniques for gathering intelligence from human sources. Candidates for positions in the human intelligence carreer field at dia will take part in a comprehensive vetting process to ensure we are the right fit for your interests, work ethic, and abilities. How technology has changed intelligence collection defense. Gather pdfs, word docs, spreadsheets and run password crackers on encrypted or protected docs. Human intelligence humint, which is the oldest of the intelligence. Human intelligence intelligence gathering military wiki fandom. Apr 22, 2015 babanoury writes that human intelligence accounts for only 10 percent to 20 percent of the information gathered by the u. The primary, less frequently, is the human intelligence capacity applied in business affairsactivities. Human intelligence, or humint, is the gathering of information through human. Human intelligence intelligence gathering wikipedia.
They use these techniques to investigate suspects without alerting them to the fact that they are under investigation. Human intelligence, or humint, is the gathering of information through human contact. Mar, 2020 human intelligence abbreviated humint and is pronounced as hyoomint is intelligence gathered by means of interpersonal contact, as opposed to the more technical intelligence gathering disciplines such as signals intelligence sigint, imagery intelligence imint and measurement and signature intelligence masint. Criminal groups continue to be involved in ventures such as trafficking in human beings. This manual provides doctrinal guidance, techniques, and procedures governing the employment of human intelligence humint collection and analytical assets in support of the commanders intelligence needs. Learn more about human intelligence, including various theories. Humint should remain a key component of an intelligence. Pdf the who, what, and why of human intelligence gathering. Intelligence interviewing 1 eliciting information and detecting lies in.
Human intelligence frequently abbreviated humint is intelligence gathered by. Humint as the gathering of information by judging and exploiting. The scharff technique, human intelligence gathering, information elicitation. U pursuant to intelligence community directive icd 101, section g.
Screening techniques also can select individuals who may be prospects to. It is, along with signals intelligence and imagery intelligence sigint and imint respectively, one of the three traditional means of intelligence gathering. Army relative to the technical disciplines of signals intelligence sigint and imagery intelligence imint. Intelligence community, but he concludes that its due for revitalization because of its importance in the war on terror, developing geospatial intelligence and cybersecurity. Human intelligence intelligence gathering wikimili, the. Information gathering in law enforcement and intelligence. Ormerod university of sussex despite widespread recognition that coercive methods for intelligence gathering are unethical and counterproductive, there is an absence of empirical evidence for effective alternatives. Human intelligence humint are gathered from a person in the location in question. First, your application will be considered by a team of humint officers across the agency. Advisors or foreign internal defense fid personnel working with host nation hn forces or populations. This type of intelligence comes from intercepted communications such as phone, fax, and computers. How technology has changed intelligence collection. Feb 01, 2016 a novel experimental setup as well as new dependent measures was introduced to evaluate the efficacy of different human intelligence gathering techniques.
We compared the efficacy of two human intelligence gathering techniques. This type of intelligence is collected by case officers cos who gather intelligence facetoface, by talking. Osint refers to the techniques and tools required to harvest publicly. Attack via default system backdoors os, db, apps use dictionary or bruteforce password attacks. Oct 26, 2020 pdf a great deal of research in the past two decades has been devoted to interrogation and interviewing techniques. Gathering should be done under an assumed identity, that would be created specifically to achieve optimal information exposure and cooperation from the asset in question. Use publicly known exploits against identified apps via fingerprinting and portscanning. May, 2014 a great deal of research in the past two decades has been devoted to interrogation and interviewing techniques. The methodology of obtaining human intelligence always involves direct interaction whether physical, or verbal. Handbook first part best practices in investigating.
Apr 17, 2009 techniques as distinctly open and diffuse. Types of intelligence collection intelligence studies. Yet the facetoface gathering of information through suspected terrorists, informants, or witnesses is replete with obstacles that affect its accuracy such as the welldocumented shortcomings of human memory, honest differences of opinion, as well as what. Human intelligence collection activities army commanders rely upon timely, relevant, and accurate combat information and intelligence in order to successfully plan, prepare, and execute operations. The purpose of this paper is to investigate ethics and intelligence and the role leadership plays. Pdf direction, collection, analysis and dissemination.
For many years, public authorities, including the law enforcement and intelligence agencies, various regulatory bodies, and local authorities, have used a wide range of covert investigatory techniques. Some principles of human intelligence and their application dtic. Humint involves collecting information through a variety of conversational techniques, in a wide variety of circumstances. Sources and methods of intelligence studies oxford handbooks. In sum, this thesis provides support for the scharff technique as an effective tool for eliciting information from human sources. The who, what, and why of human intelligence gathering. Eliciting intelligence from sources wiley online library. Sources and methods is a term often used to describe the practice of intelligence collection and analysis. Intelligence can be about enemy weapons, troop strengths, troop movement activity, and future operational plans, to name just a few. Oct 12, 2018 human intelligence humint is intelligence collected from people. Recent advances in technical intelligence have proven their use in gathering information and in many ways technit has grown to supercede the use of human intelligence efforts. Criminal intelligence manual for frontline law enforcement.
Identify how human intelligence humint schemes were applied in fighting boko haram. Human intelligence abbreviated humint and is pronounced as hyoomint is intelligence gathered by means of interpersonal contact, as opposed to the more technical intelligence gathering disciplines such as signals intelligence sigint, imagery intelligence imint and measurement and signature intelligence masint. Intelligence gathering techniques are widely varied from human informants on. Exploring ethics in intelligence and the role of leadership. The present study attempts to remedy this gap in the literature. Humint collectors are an integral part of the collection process, which spans from the tactical to the national level, which sometimes answers national level collection requirements.
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