Armed robbery in nigeria a qualitative study of young male. Pdf the rapidly increasing rate of armed robbery victimisation in nigeria necessitated the integration of five relevant victimological and. How a police unit established to combat armed robbery became synonymous with unlawful killings, torture and extortion. Yet little is known about the complex factors that motivate assailants who use a weapon to take property by force or threat of force. African maritime security is affected by a wide range of illegal activities. Section 2 of the nigerian robbery and firearms special. Nigeria, very little is known about the association between population density as an independent variable and the frequency and rate of crime. Top 10 causes of crime in nigeria article pulse nigeria. Armed robbery, referred to as kondoism, in nigeria, is essentially an aggravated. Armed robbery and armed robbers in contemporary nigeria. Google scholar see the reports in thisweek, 15 september, and vanguard, 22 september 1986, of adedokun adeyemis seminar paper on robbery and its countermeasures, which included police data for armed robberies during the 196685 period. More so, on why individuals engaged in crime armed robbery, sociologists believe that people could learn criminality to be armed robbers. Armed robbery occurs when someone attempts to take anything of value from the care, custody, or control of a person.
It is being blamed on the dwindling economic fortunes of majority and the widening gap between the affluent and the poor in our society leading to violent crimes especially armed robbery. This study examined crime in tertiary institutions in southern nigeria. Data on reported cases of armed robbery and populations across the states of nigeria in the year 2006 were analyzed using pearsons correlation and multiple. Jan 12, 2016 in the 1970s, oyenusi was no doubt the uncrowned emperor of nigerian robbers and he is described as the first celebrated armed robber in nigeria. Over the months of august and september 2002, the federal police undertook a crackdown on vigilante armed groups in southeastern nigeria, the socalled bakassi boys, arresting over a hundred of their members. The armed robbery theory posits that the high wave of armed robbery in nigeria is primarily responsible for high level of insecurity in nigeria. Banditry and nigerias rising insecurity the sun nigeria.
The conclusion of this research is that, although efforts are in place to combat piracy and armed robbery at sea both in nigeria and at the regional. Haram and armed robbery suspects across the country. Furthermore, the legality of death penalty is well grounded in the nigerian. Socioeconomic implication of kidnapping and hostage taking. Most alarming and terrifying is the present escalation of violent crimes and the barbarity, lethality and trauma the perpetrators unleash on the hapless citizenry across the country. Federation of nigeria, 2004 and sections 221 and 411 of the penal code northern states federal provisions act, cap 345, laws of the federation of nigeria 1960, expressly state that offences of murder, treason and armed robbery will attract capital punishment. Data on reported cases of armed robbery and populations across the states of nigeria. Armed robbery gang kill eight policemen in kogi youtube. The response by the police to the armed robbery menace is considered and then the punishment for armed robbery is scrutinized. The profitability has encouraged those that indulged in it to carry on with the act although there is a law prohibiting it.
The violence has killed over 8,000 people since 2011, and displaced over 200,000, some into neighbouring niger. The situation along with some other unsavoury realities earned nigeria the sixteenth place in failed state index of 20 by the washington based fund for peace 2. They are especially afraid of armed robbers, paid assassins, political thugs and other criminals who assess life as being worthless. Armed robbery has affected nigeria for years and is escalating.
Armed robbery is a type of robbery aided by weapons to threaten, force and deprive a person or persons of the right to private, public or corporate belongings. It examines the legal aspects and societal implications of these forms of violence. The current study was originally intended to be a comparative study of armed robbery in nigeria and britain or more precisely england. The special anti robbery squad sars was founded in late 1992 by former police commissioner simeon danladi midenda.
Nigeria s north west is suffering deadly conflict involving many armed organisations, including herderallied groups, vigilantes, criminal gangs and jihadists. International journal of criminology and sociological theory, vol. Punishments for cultism in nigeria under nigerian law section 402 provides the punishment for robbery thus 1. Prevalent crime in nigerian tertiary institutions and. You have signed your death warrant torture and other ill treatment in the special anti robbery squad amnesty international 8 background sars. Provisions act, 1990, punishes robberies committed while armed with the death penalty. The article argues that armed robbery in nigeria is the product of some socioeconomic and political imbalances in the existing social system of the society.
Pdf an overview of the impact of special antirobbery. Armed robbery against ships means any of the following acts. Background and working methods the special anti robbery squad is a branch of the nigerian police created to fight violent crimes including armed robbery and kidnapping. In addition, after the april elections, kidnapping became a business tool to settle grievances by groups who felt shortchanged by politicians they worked for tell, december 17, 2007, p. Summary of crime statistics in nigeria from 19801986 offences.
When oyenusi reigned at the height of his regal confidence, he declared. Nigeria has been on the global crime map since 1980s dambazau, 2007. Nigeria is among the developing countries of the world, and is experiencing a prevalence of rising crime waves, criminal intentions and varying degree of delinquencies. Any person who commits the offence of robbery shall upon conviction be sentenced to imprisonment for not less than twenty one years 2. This study building directly on key insights about armed robbery in contemporary nigeria. Though evidence on the deterrent effect of capital punishment remains controversial, the nation has maintained it as a sanction for the.
The nature of these crimes includes armed robbery, murder, rape, car theft, burglary, fraud. The lived experiences of reformed armed robbers in nigeria. It doubles a crime against persons and a property crime, usually motivated by criminal intent to material acquisition. Kidnap for ransom is a lucrative business in nigeria as the case. The widening scale of insecurity in nigeria is a cause for concern as all are affected by it. Robbery and firearms special provisions act nigerian law. Nigeria and the menace of armed robbery latest nigeria. Nigeria 36334835 35 red sea 1 sao tome and principe 2 senegal 1 sierra leone 4 1 somalia 1 5 2 south africa 1. While all robberies are considered to be violent crimes certain states took the initiative to raise the punishment when a violator uses a weapon of choice to.
Pdf an overview of the impact of special antirobbery squad. In nigeria at present, no place is safe from the ravages of the armed robbers. The study concluded that criminal justice system in nigeria does not do a highly effective job of increasing the private cost to criminals. Armed robbers in action is not like previous studies that focus on the often distorted accounts of. Dec 28, 2018 in southern nigeria, which comprises a mere 29% of nigeria s nearly 924,000 km. One of the most feared crimes among urban dwellers, armed robbery poses a serious risk of injury or death, and presents daunting challenges for law enforcement. In nigeria, armed robbery reared its ugly head visibly as a consequence of nigerians civil war which ended in 1970 1. More so, all nigerian should volunteer information that could lead to the arrest of suspected armed robbers to the police. The role of nigerian national petroleum corporation in. It also argues that in nigeria, politics is extremely competitive and elections are perceived as zerosum contests. Many nigerians contend that this punishment deters armed robbery activities in the country. Armed robbery in nigeria a qualitative study of young. How armed robbers are being tortured in some parts of africa.
The crime data were sourced from nigeria information resource centre. Armed robbery is a typical instance of violent crime. It involves an evaluative study of any type of crime as it affects more than one culture, or one. Population density and armed robbery in nigeria african journal. Predictors and risk factors of armed robbery victimisation. Armed robbery in nigeria news today armed robbery in. Pdf on nov 1, 2018, afamefuna ogbette and others published an overview of the impact of special anti robbery squad sars in nigeria find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Since the early 1970s, the incidence of armed robbery has been increasing at an. Analysis of selected crime data in nigeria pelumi e.
On august 1, 20, the oneeyed assassin was arrested during the armed robbery of a bank. Predictors and risk factors of armed robbery victimisation in nigeria. Churches, mosques, markets, schools, homes and the highway, all are susceptible to. Youth gang violence is rife in the three geopolitical zones of the south, as well as armed robbery and sea piracy in the south west and south east. Now you know top five bloodiest armed robbers in nigeria. According to them, it is an organized and systematic robbery which is not as deadly as armed robbery, but more profitable than the former. The impact of organised crime on governance in west africa. Relevant studies have identified a number of factors as responsible for the prevalence of armed robbery and related crimes in nigeria. The purpose of this phenomenological study, guided by deterrence theory and anomie theory, was to explore the lived. Unodc, transnational organized crime in west africa op. The legal regime for armed robbery armed robbery in nigeria is prohibited and criminalized in nigeria under three laws, namely. Pdf predictors and risk factors of armed robbery victimisation in. Socioeconomic implication of kidnapping and hostage. The challenges of combatting piracy and armed robbery at sea in nigeria and at the regional level are identified as well as the efforts made by the nigerian government to reduce the challenges.
While the insurgents still constitute a serious security challenge in the north east region, there are increasing cases of kidnapping and armed robbery in the southern parts of nigeria. The prevalence of armed robbery in nigeria is fast becoming an epidemic. Chapters 34 36 o f the criminal code act make commodious provisions relating to stealing, robbery and armed robbery. In the first quarter of 2019, the imb piracy reporting centre prc recorded 78 worldwide incidents of piracy and armed robbery against ships, compared to 107 incidents for.
This means the person that is robbing you is more at risk of. Section 401 of the criminal code act defines robbery thus. The armed robbery thesis concludes by arguing that as a result of zerosumness. He is regarded by some as the pioneer of conventional armed robbery in nigeria. An evaluation of the effect of armed robbery on nigerian economy.
An act to make comprehensive provisions for matters relating to armed robbery. However, todays armed groups are better armed and trained, and increasingly sophisticated in their actions compared to those of the past. Unsurprisingly, armed robbery in builtup areas of the country was an early. Materials and method in this paper, we have used the crime data on armed robbery cases for past 29 years 1986 2014. Armed forces act chapter a20 laws of the federation of nigeria 2004 arrangement of sections part 1 establishment and composition of the armed forces 1. Police sergeant arrested in rivers for alleged armed robbery. Exploring contemporary sea piracy in nigeria, the niger. A criminological analysis by smart egwu otu submitted in accordance with the requirements. Churches, mosques, markets, schools, homes and the highway, all are susceptible to this menace. Nigerias compliance with the international covenant on civil. The fear of armed robbery keeps nigerians sleepless at night and they tend to live one day at a time with the fear of whether they will see the light of tomorrow. Maritime piracy and armed robbery off the african coast are also a threat.
Abiodun egunjobi and his gang committed many armed robberies in lagos. Punishment for robbery 1 any person who commits the offence of robbery shall upon trial and conviction under this act, be sentenced to imprisonment for not less than 21 years. Pdf the effects of armed robbery in nigeria iosr journals. Specifically, the study will look at armed robbery from the point of view of offenders and the factors responsible for their crime.
Generally, contemporary armed robbery in nigeria has, though, taken the outlook of a western archetype robbery and going scientific as it were, it appears to have retained perhaps added some of the nigeria s traditional way of life and traits. Despite these promises of reform and accountability for violations, this report shows that sars officers continue to subject detainees in their custody to torture and other forms of illtreatment with total impunity. At the state level, all the southern states have their criminal code laws which provide for death penalty for murder, armed robbery, treason and treasonable felonies17. Armed robbery in nigeria is thus a determinant of social factors such as social mobility, culture conflict, economic competition, social stratification as well as the distribution of wealth in the society. The inciting events that spurred sars formation were the death of colonel israel rindam nigerian army by police officers at a checkpoint in lagos on september 1992, their arrest, a strike by police officers in response, and a subsequent crime wave. Data on reported cases of armed robbery and populations across the states of nigeria in the year 2006 were analyzed using pearsons. This focuses on paper maritime piracy and armed robbery at sea.
No fewer than eight policemen have killed in yagba area of kogi state by a gang of armed robbers who later robbed a new generation bank in the town. Nigeria and the menace of armed robbery latest nigeria news. While all robberies are considered to be violent crimes certain states took the initiative to raise the punishment when a violator uses a weapon of choice to rob. Predictors and risk factors of armed robbery victimisation in. In all of these, the spate of kidnapping is a feature in all parts of the country. If a any offender mentioned in subsection 1 of this section is armed with any firearms or any offensive weapon or any obnoxious or.
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